Java Coffe Malang , Was The Best Coffee In The World

Indonesia names in the coffee world has been quite popular in foreign countries. Therefore, Indonesia is one of the best and biggest coffee producer in the world. From mainland Sumatra to Papua, copies of the archipelago has become an icon. Some areas even have become a regular exporter of coffee to various countries in Asia, Europe, and America.

Coffee was first entered Indonesia in 1696 on the types of Arabica coffee. Coffee is entered via Batavia (Jakarta) which brought the Commander of the Dutch Adrian Van Ommen from Malabar – India. The coffee is then grown and developed in what is now known as Pondok Kopi, East Jakarta.

Unfortunately, these plants then die all by flooding. Then in 1699 brought more new coffee seedlings, which later evolved around Jakarta and West Java. among others in Priangan, and eventually spread to various parts of the Indonesian archipelago such as Sumatra, Bali, Sulawesi, Java and Timor.

Coffee then becomes a very reliable commodity trade by the VOC. 1706 Coffee Java investigated by the Netherlands in Amsterdam, which later in 1714 the results of these studies by the Dutch introduced and planted in the Jardin des Plantes by King Louis XIV.

Indonesian coffee exports first performed in 1711 by the VOC. In the past 10 years increased to 60 tonnes per year. Indies then make Indonesia as the first coffee plantation outside Arabia and Ethiopia. So when the year 1725-1780 making VOC monopolized the coffee trade.

When the Java coffee when it is very famous in Europe. So that the Europeans call it the Java Coffee. Until the mid-19th century Java Coffee be the best coffee in the world.

Coffee production in Java has increased quite significantly, year 1830-1834 Arabica coffee production reached 26,600 tons. Thirty years later increased to 79 600 tonnes, and the peak years of 1880 to 1884 reached 94 400 tons.

Over 175 years of coffee Arabica is the only type of commercial coffee grown in Indonesia. But then the development of Arabica coffee cultivation in Indonesia suffered severe setbacks.

It happened because of disease leaf rust (HEMILEIA VASTATRIX), which entered Indonesia since 1876. As a result of Arabica coffee which can survive only at an altitude of 1000 meters above sea level. Plant residues Arabica coffee is still found in the highlands of Malang (East Java), Tanah Toraja (South Sulawesi), the upper slope of Bukit Barisan (Sumatra) as Mandhailing, Lintong and Sidikalang in North Sumatra and central highlands in Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam.

To overcome the pest attack leaf rust then the Dutch government to bring Liberika Coffee (Coffea Liberica) to Indonesia in 1875. But in fact, this kind also vulnerable to leaf rust disease and less acceptable in the market because it tastes too sour. Liberica current crop residue still can be found in Jambi, Central Java and Kalimantan.

Next attempt of the Government of the Netherlands is to bring coffee Robusta (Coffea canephora) in 1900. This type of coffee leaf rust disease resistant and require maintenance requirements and the growing light. Production is also high. Robusta coffee then be rapidly expanded replace Arabica especially in areas with an altitude of 1000 meters below sea level. This coffee quickly spread. And one of the best Robusta coffee production in Indonesia is Malang.

Since the Dutch East Indies government to leave Indonesia, smallholder continues to grow and expand, while private plantation only survive in Central Java, East Java, and some parts of Sumatra. And state plantation company (PTPN) just stayed in East Java and Central Java.

Head of Agricultural and Plantation Malang Tomie Herawanto said, Malang Regency is producing the best coffee in Java and the archipelago. "Malang indeed become a center of coffee production in Java. This is where Java can be obtained Coffee truth, "said Tomie.